Snakes in Florida – harmless Species

Of the 45 snake species in Florida, the majority are harmless to humans. Most tourists never even see a snake, as these animals lead well-hidden lives. Nevertheless, you may come across them on a hike or boat tour. Here are the most common harmless snake species in the Sunshine State:

Black racer

This snake ranks among the most common species in Florida. As the name suggests, it is characterized by black scales and high velocity. Black racers can reach a length of up to 6.2 ft and are often found in agrarian habitats such as farmland and gardens. For humans, this species is harmless. Farmers even welcome its presence, as the black racer feeds on small rodents.

Ring-necked snake

This snake can grow to a length of up to 1.2 feet and is easily recognized by her yellow ring behind the head. When she is playing dead, you can also see her yellowish underside. In Florida, this species is often found in piles of leaves, gardens or even in houses. Fortunately, the ring-necked snake is harmless to humans. She does not inject venom, but defends herself by secreting a foul smell.

Corn snake

Due to their striking black-red-brown coloration, corn snakes are often kept in terrariums. However, they also live in Florida´s natural habitats, where they skillfully climb trees. Sometimes, they enter houses and garages through small openings. Corn snakes can bite if they feel threatened. However, they are harmless to humans – unlike the coral snake (see below). Being similar in color, these two species are often confused.

Florida brown snake

With a length of only 1 ft, Florida brown snakes are among the smallest species in Florida. They feature a yellowish-brown coloration and are at home in forests, wetlands and farmland. Sometimes, they also populate gardens, where they find ideal hiding spots, or end up in swimming pools by accident. For humans and pets, this species is harmless.

Southern water snake

Due to its dark spots on light scales, this snake is often confused with the cottonmouth. In addition, both snakes share the same habitat: the banks of rivers and lakes, where they hunt frogs, fish and salamanders. However, the southern water snake is not venomous and poses no threat to humans. Even without venom, though, it can still bite. This snake also omits a foul smell – another reason not to disturb it.

Pythons

These imposing constrictors originally come from the Old World and are not native to Florida. However, many pythons were imported as pets and managed to escape. For some years now, they have been causing a veritable snake invasion, especially in the Everglades. Their population is estimated at over 100,000, and the state has even put a bounty on their heads – so far with little success.

Snakes in Florida – Tips and Precautions

If you spend a lot of time outdoors in Florida, you are likely to encounter a snake sooner or later. Do not worry, though – even the Sunshine State´s venomous species only attack people when they feel threatened. To prevent this from happening, you should observe the following precautions:

• If you see a snake on the path in front of you, stay calm. The animal will most likely try to escape into the undergrowth. You should never try to cut off the snake’s escape route.
• On hikes through dense shrubs, you can protect yourself from snake bites with long trousers and rubber boots.
• Snakes often seek shade under fallen tree trunks. Tap the trunk with your foot before climbing over it. This way, the snake knows that danger is approaching and can flee.
• Avoid lifting large stones on hot days. There, snakes like to seek shelter from the heat.
• Many species of snakes play dead when they are in danger. This is why you should never touch a motionless specimen. Otherwise, the snake could feel threatened and bite.
• If you come across a snake in the garden or house, try to identify it from a safe distance. Then, you can scare it away with a broom or long stick. In case of venomous species, you should call the Florida Wild Animal Removal Service hotline (386 235-2175) and have the snake removed.
• Snakes like to hide in piles of leaves. Thus, you should never poke around there with your bare hands and use a long tool, instead. The same goes for stacks of wood in your garden.

FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

Spiders in Florida – important Facts

Spiders are highly complex animals that can look back on 400 million years of evolution and have diversified into many groups. Here are the most important facts about these crawlers:

Characteristics and Size

Like all spiders, the species found in Florida can be identified by the following characteristics: eight legs, a bipartite body with a thin link in between, two chelicerae (jaws) and up to eight eyes.

Their size ranges from tiny jumping spiders and orb-weavers to the wolf spider, which can grow as large as a grapefruit. Even more impressive in size are giant crab spiders and tarantulas.

Did you know? Female spiders are usually much larger than the males. This can result in the latter serving as an involuntary snack after the mating act.

Behavior and Hunting

Florida’s spiders differ not only in size, but also in their behavior.

Most spiders build webs in order to catch insects and other small animals. So-called funnel weavers also prefer to hunt with minimal effort. These species remain motionless in front of their caves. When pray approaches, they pounce at it with lightning-fast reflexes.

However, there are also more active hunters among the arachnids. Jumping spiders, which populate Florida’s forests and meadows, use their camouflage, speed and jumping power to kill prey. Unlike most spiders, they do not build webs, although some species such as the green spider use a safety thread when jumping.

Reproduction

As we already mentioned, mating is not a harmless undertaking for male spiders. Some species perform a certain ritual or bring the female a “gift” in the form of a fly in order not to become food themselves. Others weave the female firmly into her own net as a precaution.

If the mating act was successful, the female builds a cocoon in which she lays her eggs. Depending on the species, several hundred young will hatch. Some spiders leave their children alone after birth; others provide food and protection; still other species go even further and let themselves get eaten by the offspring to ensure their survival.

Other Species of Spiders in Florida

The following spider species often scare vacationers due to their size or painful bite. However, they are largely harmless:

Mexican red rump (tliltocatl vagans)

• Size: 2–2.7 inches, legspan: up to 5 inches
• Features: black coloration, reddish hair on the abdomen and legs
• Distribution: South Florida, especially St. Lucie County

This member of the tarantula family originally comes from Central America and is a rare sight in Florida. Despite their imposing size, Mexican red rumps inject only small amounts of venom and are no more dangerous to humans than bees or wasps.

One piece of advice, though: Like other tarantulas, this species has harpoon-like bristles that can trigger an itchy rash. Therefore, you should never touch it.

Researchers have only recently discovered a new spider species related to tarantulas: The Pine Rockland trapdoor spider lives in the Everglades, where it ambushes prey from the safety of her burrow. For humans, this species is harmless.

Wolf spider (lycosidae)

• Size: up to palm-sized (with legs)
• Features: brown color with a dark pattern on the top of the abdomen
• Distribution: all of Florida

Due to her imposing size, the wolf spider can frighten people quite a bit. However, encounters are rare, as this species is constantly on the move and prefers to stay away from humans. Only when it is pushed into a corner – for example in cellars or cupboards – does it bite. This is painful, but rarely critical for healthy adults.

Crab spiders (thomisidae)

• Size: usually 0.2–0.4 inches, varying legspan
• Features: long, angled front legs, similar to crabs
• Distribution: all of Florida

Crab spiders prefer to stay outdoors, where they sit well camouflaged on flowers or foliage, waiting for prey. They are less common in buildings. However, you should be careful when bringing potted plants inside. Since crab spiders lay their eggs on leaves, this is a way for the crawlers to get into the house.

Their bite, although not dangerous to healthy adults, is quite painful. Victims compare the feeling to a hammer blow to the finger – accompanied by discoloration and swelling, which usually subside after a few hours.

What to do in Case of a Spider Bite

You were bitten by a spider? First of all, do not panic! For people without pre-existing conditions or allergies, a bite is rarely fatal. Nevertheless, you should take certain measures to be on the safe side:

• As with snake bites, do not try to remove the venom by cutting open the wound. Otherwise, you risk an infection.
• For the same reason, you should not scratch the wound. Cold packs are a better way to relieve itching and swelling.
• In addition, you can use a so-called anti-itch pen to alleviate the symptoms. This device has a hot tip, which is applied to the bite site. The heat causes the protein compounds of the venom to clump together, rendering it less effective.
• Wash out the wound with soap water to prevent infections and use an antiseptic cream if blisters form.
• The bites of small spider species are often confused with mosquito or bee stings. Therefore, pay attention to the following symptoms:

increasing pain and itching, swelling or discoloration of the bite site, nausea, dizziness or headaches.

If these symptoms arise, you should see a doctor immediately.

Turtles Facts

The turtle family is far from a homogenous group. Instead, scientists have identified a whopping 350 species that differ significantly in physique, behavior and habitat. Here are some of the most important facts about turtles:

Evolution

Turtles have been populating our planet for 220 million years, which makes them one of the oldest vertebrates. It is believed that tortoises emerged much earlier than their aquatic brethren. The largest turtle ever found measured a whole 13 feet, and its skeleton has been dated to 70 million years before our time.

Did you know? Prehistoric turtles used to have clearly visible teeth – unlike today´s species that process their food with beak-like jaws.

Species and Habitats

More than 30 species of turtles call the Sunshine State their home. Most of them are aquatic and live in fresh or salt water. These species include loggerhead, leatherback, and green sea turtles that are found offshore — as well as the swamp-dwelling Florida red-bellied turtle. In addition, there are several species of tortoises in Florida: including the box turtle, the snapping turtle and the gopher tortoise that weighs up to 12 pounds.

Characteristics

• The most characteristic feature of turtles is their shell, which is firmly attached to the skeleton, grows with the animal and offers protection from predators.
• Turtles have sharp eyes, with which they can distinguish colors much better than humans.
• Their sense of smell is well developed, too. This way, they cannot only detect food and mates over long distances. Sea turtles also use smells for orientation. In addition, these aquatic nomads cover thousands of miles and navigate with the help of the Earth’s magnetic field.
• Hearing, on the other hand, is not a strength of turtles. They react mostly to dull noises such as approaching steps.
• Turtles are famous for their long lifespan. 75 years or more is not uncommon for wild specimens, and the oldest turtle ever found was estimated to be 176 years old.
• Despite their slow appearance, turtles are anything but stupid: They have a good memory, problem-solving skills, and can even be trained to a certain extent.

Diet

Most turtle species are not picky about their food. Small animals such as snails, insects, crabs and jellyfish are just as much part of their diet as plants, algae and fruits. Tortoises are known for their vegetarian lifestyle, while freshwater and sea turtles do not disdain meat and carrion.

Mating, Breeding Season and Baby Turtles

Turtles are loners that come together only for mating. After the male has fertilized the female, all turtles – including aquatic species – must come on land in order to lay their eggs.

While tortoises pile up a mound for this purpose, sea turtles always lay their eggs on the same beach where they hatched themselves. To reach their birthplaces, the animals can travel thousands of miles. After about 2 to 3 months, the young turtles hatch and instinctively make their way from the beach into the water.

At this point, the little turtles are completely on their own – and they have many predators: from raccoons, birds and crabs to large fish. Not surprisingly, only one in 1000 sea turtles reaches adulthood.

Endangerment and Protection

All 6 species of Florida´s sea turtles as well as the gopher tortoise are considered endangered or even threatened with extinction. This is not only due to the pollution of coastal waters. In recent times, more and more beaches and swamp areas have been claimed by humans, so the animals cannot lay their eggs anymore. For this reason, all turtle nests in Florida are protected today, and the capture of wild turtles is strictly regulated.

FAQ – frequently asked Questions

Jellyfish – important Facts

Despite their rather simple design, jellyfish form an extremely diverse group of marine animals. Here are the most important facts about jellyfish:

Evolution

Jellyfish are among the oldest animal species and have been populating our planet for 600 million years. During this time, their physique has hardly changed, as fossils show. The animals have conquered a wide range of habitats: from cold oceans such as the North Sea to tropical waters. While most species swim near the surface, jellyfish are also found in the deep sea.

Characteristics and Size

Jellyfish are invertebrates. Their bodies consist of a gelatinous umbrella with an opening for feeding and excretion on the bottom. Depending on the species, short or long tentacles extend from the body. These are equipped with nettle cells that deliver venomous stings when touched.

The size of jellyfish ranges from less than finger-sized species to the Japanese Nomura´s jellyfish: true giants that can grow up to 6.5 ft in diameter and weigh 440 lbs.

Behavior and Diet

Jellyfish move through the water by contracting and expanding their umbrella muscles. This method of transportation relies on the recoil principle and is extremely energy-efficient. However, it is also slow, and jellyfish are exposed to the ocean currents. In coastal waters, the animals often wash up on beaches. Some species, such as the Portuguese man-o´-war, do not move actively, but use their gelatinous sails to float on the ocean surface.

In any case, their behavior makes fast movements superfluous, as most jellyfish catch prey with their tentacles. These are almost invisible, can be several feet long and feature venomous stinging cells. Depending on the species, jellyfish feed on plankton, fish, eggs, crabs or other jellyfish.

Reproduction

Jellyfish not only have a highly complex life cycle. The animals can also reproduce both sexually and asexually. Free-swimming female jellyfish produce eggs that are fertilized by the males – usually without physical contact. Emerging from the eggs are polyps that anchor themselves firmly to the seabed or rocks. Once the polyps have reached a certain size, they emit small jellyfish without the help of a sexual partner. Thus, the reproductive cycle begins again.

Distribution in Florida

Jellyfish are found in all coastal waters of Florida. Particularly affected, however, are the Atlantic coast and the northwestern Gulf Coast, also known as the Florida Panhandle. In the warm waters around the Florida Keys, the animals are also native. Slightly fewer jellyfish populate the southern Gulf Coast from Tampa to Marco Island.

Jellyfish Season in Florida

Jellyfish can be found off the coast of Florida all year round. However, there are times when the animals appear more frequently. Jellyfish Season usually lasts from May to October, and peaks in August or September.

Recently, marine biologists have registered an increase in the jellyfish population. With warmer seawater, the number of microorganisms such as plankton increases, and with it the food for jellyfish. This could lead to the Jellyfish Season starting earlier in the future.

Jellyfish in Florida – Tips and Precautions

Encounters with jellyfish can be extremely painful and, for certain people, even fatal. In order to avoid this experience, you should heed the following tips and precautions:

• Pay attention to the official warnings. If there are signs on a beach that warn of jellyfish, you should be careful in the water. This is especially true for remote beaches without lifeguards.
• On guarded beaches, you should pay attention to the purple flag, which signals dangerous animals in the water.
• Stranded jellyfish are a sure sign that there are more specimens in the water. Especially when the wind blows inland, the animals are often driven into shallow areas.
• The stinging cells of jellyfish can remain active long after the animal’s death. This is why you should never touch them with your bare hands.
• Important for divers: Do not touch your face with diving gloves after stepping back on land. Otherwise, sting cells remaining on the glove could get in contact with your skin.

Watching luminous Jellyfish in Florida

Encounters with jellyfish are mostly involuntary and painful. However, some tourists travel to Florida to see a particular kind: the rib jellyfish. This species has no poisonous sting cells. Instead, it scares off predators with the help of bioluminescence.

In the winter months, you can see this spectacular lightshow in the Indian River Lagoon near Orlando. There, rib jellyfish populate a mangrove lagoon, and guided kayak tours are offered. With a bit of luck, you can also see the jellyfish while wading in shallow water – e. g. at Kelly Park East, Cocoa Beach and Cape Canaveral.

Facts about Rays

Rays are fascinating creatures, and much about them is still unknown. What scientists do know, however, paints the picture of a highly complex group of animals. Here are the most important facts about rays:

Evolution

Just like their close relatives, the sharks, rays have been roaming our oceans since prehistoric times. As cartilaginous fish, they only leave few fossil traces, so their origins have not been fully discovered yet. However, researchers believe that rays as we know them evolved 150 million years ago – from a species similar to today’s guitar fish.

Species

Worldwide, there are more than 600 species of rays. About 15 of them live in the waters around Florida where they can be found in coastal areas, reefs and the open sea, but also in brackish and even fresh water:

• A common species is the Atlantic stingray. Well camouflaged, these rays wait in the sand until prey approaches, and then strike with their barbed tail.
• Dotted eagle rays are among the most interesting sights on any diving trip. They reach up to 11 feet in length and can often be seen in shallow waters and coral reefs.
• Electric rays have a special trick up their sleeves: This coastal species stuns its prey with electric shocks of up to 37 volts.
• With a maximum wingspan of 23 feet, giant mantas hold the record among rays. Since they swim slowly and close to the surface, they can easily be observed by divers.
• Devil rays are sometimes spotted on boat trips, as this species is known to jump out of the water.
• Thanks to their long, spiked snout, smalltooth-sawfish are unmistakable. With this tool, the fish stir up the sand to find prey.

Characteristics

The most dominant feature of all rays is their flat body shape. The pectoral fins are attached to the head, while the mouth is located on the bottom.

But why are rays so flat, you might ask? This physique has evolved over millions of years and helps the fish glide over the seabed. Since rays whirl up a lot of sand in the process, they have spiracles on the top, with which they filter oxygen from the water.

The eyes also sit on top of the body. Seeing, however, is not a ray´s most important sense. Instead, the animals detect their prey with the help of pressure waves and electrical impulses. Additionally, many species have developed a keen sense of smell.

In order to protect themselves from predators, rays resort to very different strategies: Some species dig deep into the sand; others use camouflage or quickly swim away in case of danger. Stingrays, on the other hand, defend themselves with a venomous barb on their tailfin.

By the way: It might not be obvious at first glance, but rays are closely related to sharks. Not only are both groups cartilaginous fish. Rays also possess a shark-like groove structure that helps to reduce water resistance.

Habitat

Our planet is home to more than 600 species of rays that populate a wide variety of habitats. Some species live in shallow coastal waters, while others can dive to depths of up to 2 miles. Rays prefer the warm and temperate zones, but have also conquered colder oceans like the North Sea. Some specimens, including the South American stingrays, even live in brackish and fresh water.

Diet

The diet of most ray species consists of mussels, crabs, starfish and sea urchins as well as fish. An exception is the giant manta. This species mainly eats plankton near the water surface. Recently, however, mantas were also seen diving to great depths in order to hunt fish and crabs.

Freshwater rays, on the other hand, predominantly feed on snails, worms, insects and jellyfish.

Reproduction

The reproduction patterns of rays fall in two categories:

Some rays lay capsule-shaped eggs that are surrounded by a gelatinous mass. Through slits in the eggs, the embryos are supplied with oxygen. 4 to 14 months after egg deposition, the babies hatch.

All other species of rays, such as giant mantas, give birth to live young. Right from the start, the little rays must fend for themselves. Therefore, females prefer to give birth in protected areas such as coral reefs, where their offspring can hide from predatory fish.

Endangerment and Protection

Unfortunately, human activity has had a huge effect on the ray population. Not only are these fish affected by polluted seawater, climate change and the vanishing of coral reefs. Many rays are also injured by fishing hooks and nets, with overfishing posing a serious threat.

A particularly worrying case is the endangered manta ray. Hunting these majestic giants is forbidden in Florida. Nevertheless, fishermen sometimes injure manta rays by accident when hunting for their companions, the cobias.

Other species that are protected in Florida include devil rays, dotted eagle rays, and smalltooth-sawfish

Observe Rays in Florida – the best Places

In the Wild

If you want to observe rays in the wild, for example on a boat tour or while diving, we can recommend the following places:

Florida Keys

These barrier islands in southern Florida rank among the best dive sites in the USA. Therefore, it is not surprising that rays can be found in abundance here.

In addition to several species of stingrays, you also have the chance to see large manta rays gliding through the water. Recently, most sightings have been reported from Islamorada and the French Reef near Key Largo, while Molasses Reef is famous for its dotted eagle rays. Sometimes, these animals can be seen in sunken ships – even if they prefer to swim near the surface.

Everglades

In southern Florida, where the “river of grass” makes its way into the sea, mangroves provide an ideal refuge for stingrays. You can see these animals on a snorkeling trip – but thanks to their camouflage, you will need a keen eye and considerable luck. Located south of Everglades City are the Ten Thousand Islands. This world-famous freshwater dive site is a refuge for rays, and also offers excellent visibility underwater.

Southeastern Coast of Florida

While smaller species of rays are a common sight throughout the state, divers need more luck to see giant manta rays. This could change soon, though, as scientists suspect a breeding ground of manta rays in south-east Florida. The exact location has not been confirmed yet as these fish lead a nomadic life. However, with the manta rays swimming near the coast, they have even been spotted from beach houses in Miami.

Captiva and Sanibel Island

Every year, these islands near Cape Coral are home to a remarkable sight. Then, hundreds of cownose rays swim close to the beach – probably attracted by the warm temperatures. Like stingrays, cownose rays have a barbed tail for defense. They are less venomous, however, do not attack swimmers on purpose and are constantly on the move. Thus, the risk of accidents is small.

If you want to behold this “Stingray Fever”, you should visit Captiva and Sanibel Island in spring: between February and May, depending on the year.

In Captivity

In order to see rays in the Sunshine State, you do not need a diving license. Instead, you can get close to these animals in Florida’s zoos and aquariums:

• Four species are at home in the Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens – including guitar fish that resemble both rays and sharks.
• At the Florida Aquarium, visitors can pet stingrays in a tank. Do not worry – the animals do not possess venomous barbs anymore. In addition, you can admire majestic manta rays as you walk through a glass tunnel.
• The Miami Seaquarium also offers encounters with rays – either in the shallow touch pool or in a deeper pool where the rays share their habitat with nurse sharks.
• At Orlando’s Discovery Cove, you can feed Atlantic cownose rays and stingrays while wading in knee-deep water.
• A perfect place to marvel at the largest species of rays is SeaWorld, Orlando. There, manta rays glide through an aquarium that closely resembles a coral reef.
• If you want to interact with rays in their natural habitat, we recommend Dolphin World on Key West. There, the animals populate a sandy lagoon, together with many colorful fish. Please note that this animal encounter is only suitable for swimmers.

Birds in Florida – Species and Distribution

From chirping songbirds and hunters of the sky to specimens that live in wetlands or off the coast – amateur ornithologists should know the following bird species in Florida:

Songbirds

While exploring the state’s parks, gardens and forests, you will most likely see songbirds of all colors: among them blue jays, golden finches, house finches and tanagers. Other common bird species include red-brownish American robins – as well as swallows, the lightning-fast acrobats of the sky.

If you spot a red bird with feather cap in Florida, it’s most likely the Northern Cardinale. This species lives at the edge of forests, but also in populated areas where it feasts on seeds and fruits. On nature walks, you are also likely to hear the staccato of woodpeckers. The downy woodpecker, for example, has become accustomed to the presence of humans and is now one of the most common birds in the state.

In addition, the Sunshine State is home to an endemic species that lives nowhere else in the world: the Florida Scrub-Jay. This blue-grayish, 12” bird mostly lives in light oak forests. However, you will need quite a bit of luck to see it, as the Scrub-Jay is now a rare and endangered species.

Birds of Prey

They are the undisputed rulers of the avian kingdom – lightning fast, deadly and perfectly adapted to their habitat: Florida´s birds of prey. The variety of species ranges from small falcons, merlins and sparrowhawks to the golden eagle – a colossus with a wingspan of up to 6.5 ft that prefers flat, open areas. Unmistakable due to its blue plumage and red eyes is the snail kite. This species breeds exclusively in Florida and feeds on apple snails – hence its name.

An absolute favorite among patriotic bird lovers is the bald eagle: the national symbol of the USA. With recent protection measures bearing fruit, Florida is now home to more and more breeding pairs – especially in areas with tall trees. The animals can reach a wingspan of up to 6.5 ft and are skilled fish hunters. However, they do not disdain carrion, either. Speaking of carrion: Less majestic, but equally indispensable to the ecosystem are turkey vultures. These scavengers soar high in the sky, always on the look-out for dead animals.

Florida is also home to a rather unusual bird: the burrowing owl. Originally, these small prairie dwellers are native to the Midwest. In Florida, however, they have found a new home on flat, undeveloped plots where they can dig their nests in the soil.

Waterbirds

Florida’s lakes, rivers and swamps are home to many kinds of plants, fish and insects. Of course, this abundance also attracts larger animals such as waterbirds. These feathered longnecks are perfectly adapted to their habitat – which becomes obvious when you look at their beaks: Spoonbills sieve the water with their flat bills, storks strike at lightning speed, and the curved tool of ibises is perfect for foraging in the mud. Grey herons are also a common sight – not only in swamps, but also near canals or on golf courses. In addition, the Sunshine State is home to various types of ducks and coots.

You need a good amount of luck if you want to see flamingos. Although the pink birds are a heraldic animal of Florida, they are only seen in the extreme south of the state, as human impact has caused their population to shrink. Due to their attractive feathers, great egrets were also hunted to extinction in the 19th century. Fortunately, the population has been able to recover in recent years.

Seabirds

Long coastlines and the change of tides attracts many shore birds such as plovers, snipes and oystercatchers that are looking for food in the surf. Black-headed gulls fill the air with their characteristic laughs and skimmers fly close to the surface, while frigate birds can be observed high above ground. These “pirates of the sky” often use their agility to relieve other birds of their food.

Pelicans are another common sight on the coast – especially in places where fishermen are at work. Sometimes, these clever birds even wait for tourists to drop their snacks. While brown pelicans can be seen in the state all year round, white pelicans only come to Florida during the winter.

FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

Manatees

Manatees, or sea cows, are among the most famous animals in the southern USA. They are found in states like Alabama, South Carolina and Georgia. However, in Florida, visitors have the best chance of seeing Manatees all year round.

Characteristics and Behavior

Manatees can grow to a maximum of 13 feet and weigh up to 1.000 lbs. They are easily recognizeable by their stocky, round bodies and their iconic flukes. With their big snouts equipped with whiskers, manatees navigate in the water, where they mainly feed on plants. Despite their slow appearance, manatees resemble dolphins when it comes to intelligence. The animals possess a particularly good memory.

Manatees lead solitary lives, except during breeding season. Then, the animals gather in groups and multiple bulls compete over the females. The mothers mostly give birth to a single calf, with which they share a strong bond. It is not rare for young manatees to be fed by their mothers for 2 years. Manatees have a life expectancy of up to 60 years.

Threats and Conservation

Manatees are threatened by water pollution, fishing nets, flood gates and boat motors. They are a protected species in the USA, and hunting them is illegal. Today, their numbers in the wild are estimated at around 6.000 – a huge improvement after the species was on the brink of exctinction.

Where can I see Manatees in Florida?

Manatees mainly populate the tropical south of the state and are found off the coast most of the year. You do not even have to visit a refuge or national park: Whether on Sanibel Island, Captiva Island or Pine Island – manatees are regularly sighted in marinas and around fishing piers. One of the best places to see manatees in Cape Coral is Sirenia Vista Park. If you want to observe manatees in Fort Myers Beach, the swampy north coast provides ample opportunity. In addition, the marine mammals are drawn to little islands like Cayo Costa and Cabbage Key.

The best time for manatees are the winter months. Then, the animals swim to warm coastal waters. They also follow rivers upstream and thus can be spotted in the interior of the state. An ideal place to see many of the animals at once is the Crystal River. There, you can also swim, respectively snorkel with manatees. If you want to see manatees in Tampa, you should head for the power plant near Apollo Beach – a favorite spot for manatees thanks to warm water temperatures.

Would you like to learn more? In the following you will find a lot more interesting information about manatees of Florida

Crocodiles

Even though alligators are the far more prominent reptiles in the Sunshine State – Florida is also home to crocodiles. These are, however, much rarer: Only 2.000 specimens remain in the wild.

Crocodiles can be distinguished from alligators by their fairer skin and thinner snouts. The animals are also bigger and heavier then their relatives. They populate the coastal areas of South Florida. Only the north of the state is too cold for the reptiles. Unlike alligators, crocodiles are well adapted to salt water.

In theory, you can see crocodiles along Florida´s entire west coast up to Tampa Bay. Due to their dwindling numbers, however, you will need a lot of patience. You have a better chance spotting crocodiles in the Florida Keys. The Biscayne Bay and Florida Bay are also worthwhile destinations. In the Everglades, you can even see crocodiles and alligators in the same habitat.

Would you like to learn more? In the following you will find a lot more interesting information about alligators and crocodiles in Florida

Sharks

Many different kinds of sharks live in Florida, among them tiger sharks, bull sharks, nurse sharks and the iconic hammerheads. Even Great White Sharks can be spotted with a bit of luck. Sharks on the beach are a rare sight in Florida. The animals seldom swim close to the shore, making the risk of an attack minuscule. When accidents occurr, the specimens involved are usually small, relatively harmless blacktip sharks.

However, if you are on the lookout for sharks: At the Ponce de Leon Inlet near Daytona Beach, the predatory fish are often sighted. They also hunt for prey in the coastal waters of Cape Coral and Fort Myers Beach – and become the hunted: Sharks are among the most common catch off the coast of Sanibel and Captiva.

Diving with sharks is a popular pastime in Florida. In the Florida Keys, for instance, you can step into the water with them. If you would rather watch the animals behind glass walls, you can do so at aquariums like the Miami Seaquarium, Tampa´s Florida Aquarium or the Clearwater Marine Aquarium.

Would you like to learn more? In the following you will find a lot more interesting information about sharks by Florida

Rays

With their flat bodies and long tails, stingrays are easily recognizeable. These fish can often be observed near the shore – especially between May and October when water temperatures have reached their maximum. Then, the animals dig into the sand to seek shelter from predators. Here, contact with humans cannot always be avoided.

Even though their stings are seldom deadly, they sure are painful. Therefore, you should do the “Stingray Shufle” when wading in shallow water: Stir up the sand with your feet so the animals know you are there and can swim away.

Tip: “If you want to know more about this fish species and pet harmless rays, you should visit the Discovery Cove in Orlando.”

A highlight on every diving trip are big manta rays that can have a wing span of up to 23 feet. These majestic fish are commonly found around coral reefs and are completely harmless for humans.

Would you like to learn more? In the following you will find a lot more interesting information about rays in Florida

Venomous Animals

Even though the risk of an accident is small, you should know these venomous animals in Florida:

Snakes

There are 45 kinds of snakes in Florida. However, only 6 of them are venomous:

The most dangerous species, albeit a rare one, is the diamondback rattlesnake with her black, brown and white pattern. Mostly living in forests, this snake leads a secluded life and flees from people when she notices their vibrations. However, if you hear an angry rattling sound, you should back off in order to not get bitten.

Another venomous snake is the water moccasin that is often found on river banks and on the water. When threatened, the animal raises itself and displays its open mouth. If you leave her alone, however, the water moccasin snake flees from humans most of the time.

Unmistakable due to her black, red and yellow scales is the eastern coral snake, a relative of the cobra. Unlike her Old World breathren, however, a bite of the coral snake is seldom deadly. The animal lives in remote areas and only defends itself with its teeth when threatened.

Would you like to learn more? In the following you will find a lot more interesting information about snakes in Florida

Spiders

Among the venomous spiders in Florida, two species are particularly dangerous for humans:

The brown recluse spider measures 0.2–0.8 inches and likes to hide in piles of leaves, but also in clothes and shoes that lie around unused for a long time. Its bite is painful and can lead to necrosis and even sepsis. Luckily, the brown recluse spider is relatively rare and only bites if she feels threatened.

A more common species is the black widow, unmistakable due to her round, black and red body. Her bite is hardly painful in the beginning, but leads to unpleasant cramps and muscle pains. Healthy people rarely die from it. The black widow is often found in shacks, barns and other places where she can build her web undisturbed. Most bites occur when the spider hides in old work gloves or on high shelves and is startled by people who grope around and touch her by accident.

Would you like to learn more? In the following you will find a lot more interesting information about spiders in Florida

Jellyfish

Jellyfish and Portuguese man-o’-wars populate Florida´s coastal waters, where they also swim near the beach. Both species have an almost transparent body and long tentacles. Unfortunately, they are quite hard to spot and almost always travel in groups.

If a swimmer comes in contact with the tentacles, they inject a venom that causes intense pain and circulation problems. Luckily, accidents rarely end in death. In case you are stung, you should treat the wound with vinegar and remove the stingers with a pincette. Afterwards, apply hot water for 45 minutes to ease the pain.

Would you like to learn more? In the following you will find a lot more interesting information about jellyfish in Florida

Shark Facts

Sharks are among the most fascinating animals in our oceans – especially, because we are far from knowing everything about them. What we do know, however, paints the picture of a highly complex and diverse group of sea creatures.

Origin and Evolution

Sharks have been living in our oceans for a whopping 400 Million years – long before the first dinosaurs were around. This can still be seen in fossilized shark teeth. By far the most fearsome species was Megalodon: a giant shark that went extinct 2 Million years go. This monster is estimated to have reached up to 65 feet – four times the size of a great white shark.

Species and Distribution

Worldwide, there are about 500 species of sharks, with vast differences in sizes and shapes. They populate every body of saltwater: from coastal shallows and the open ocean to the deep sea. Some species like river and bull shark are even found in fresh water.

Characteristics

Sharks are perfectly adapted to their lives as oceanic predators – as can be seen by the following characteristics:

• Luckily for them, sharks do not need a dentist. The animals are able to regrow up to 30.000 teeth in the course of their lives. This is made possible by so-called revolver dentition with multiple rows.
• Sharks possess rippled skin that allows them to glide through the water without major friction. This design is so energy-efficient that scientists are trying to copy it for ships and airplanes.
• Shark eyes are able to detect ten times more light than human eyes. In addition, the animals have an excellent sense of smell, with which they can find pray from miles away.
• This is not all, however: Sharks are also equipped with a lateral line organ that detects even the slightest ripples in the water. What is more, they can use the earth’s magnetic field in order to navigate.

Social Behavior

Many people still think of sharks as cold-blooded killers. In reality, though, many shark species are highly social, with individuals regularly pairing up and hunting together – true shark friendships, if you will. Scientists now believe that these animals have a social structure as complex as that of dolphins. There is a difference, however. Because sharks are unable to produce sounds, they mainly communicate with a number of swimming motions.

Reproduction

So far, not much has been known about the reproductive behavior of sharks. We do know, however, that the eggs of all sharks are fertilized inside the female’s body. During mating, scientists could observe male sharks using their teeth to hold on to the female’s pectoral fin and avoid getting drifted away.

Baby Sharks

While some shark species lay eggs, others bear live offspring. An example for the latter is the great white shark. Their young are able to survive on their own right after birth. However, little shark prefer to spend their first years in coral reefs that offer protection from bigger predators.

Endangerment and Protection

Right now, 70 shark species are threatened with extinction – especially in the Mediterranean Sea. The animals get trapped in fishing nets or are hunted for their meat. A particularly brutal practice is called “Finning”: cutting of a shark’s fins and throwing the animal back into the ocean. In addition, sharks are also threatened by water pollution.

Organizations like the WWF and Greenpeace have made the protection of sharks their task. Important issues include stricter fishing quotas and a ban of finning, as well as legislation that prohibits the sale of shark meat.

Tips to avoid Shark Attacks

If you are swimming at an unguarded beach in Florida, you should heed the following safety rules:

• Sharks can smell blood from a large distance. Therefore, you should never step into the water with an open wound.
• For the same reason, do not swim at spots where diving seabirds suggest the presence of bait.
• Reflecting jewelry is known to attract sharks, so you best take it off before swimming.
• Groups offer a certain level of safety as sharks are more prone to attacking single individuals.
• Many shark species are nocturnal. Therefore, you should avoid swimming at night.
• In case of a shark attack, fight back. Hitting the animals’ eyes, snouts and gills is a good way to scare away sharks.
• If you are bitten by a shark, you have to seek medical treatment immediately. Even small wounds can lead to life-threatening infections if left untreated.

Sharks at Florida’s Zoos and Aquariums

You do not have the time for a boat trip but want to see sharks up-close? Then, we can recommend the following zoos and aquariums in Florida:

Florida Aquarium

At Tampa’s Florida Aquarium, you can swim with sharks, even if you do not own a diving license. The activity “Swim with the Fishes” makes it possible. Equipped with snorkel and mask, you will step into the pool and get up close with these predators. Sharks, however, are not the only animals there. The pool is also teeming with barracudas, stingrays and turtles.

SeaWorld

This aquarium in Orlando is home to the biggest artificial shark pool in the world. Shark Bay has been designed as a tropical reef with two levels, so you can observe the sharks above and below water. Alternatively, grab a snorkel and get within touching distance to (harmless) reef sharks. Or step into a glass cage to feed sharks, stingrays and turtles.

Miami Seaquarium

At the Miami Seaquarium, you can give handshakes, or rather “fin-shakes”, to cute nurse sharks and sting rays. The “Shark and Stingray Interaction” in a shallow pool makes it possible. Additionally, you can watch the 200 pound giants in the Shark Cannel getting fed by divers.

Theater of the Sea

The aquarium Theater of the Sea in Islamorada also offers animal encounters in shallow water. Here, you can go toe to toe with harmless nurse sharks to pet and even feed them. In addition, you have the opportunity to snorkel with sharks in a deeper saltwater lagoon.

Disney World

The “happiest place on earth” features sharks at the aquarium The Seas with Nemo & Friends at Epcot. Here, tiger sharks, blacknose sharks and other species live in a pool filled with 5.7 million gallons of water. At the 30 minute snorkeling trip, you can get even closer to these predators – and to the turtles that are also swimming in the pool.

Tarpon Springs Aquarium

A true hidden gem for shark fans is located north-west of Tampa: The Tarpon Springs Aquarium features lemon sharks, nurse sharks and cat sharks. Children are allowed to feed these little specimens, and in addition, you can watch the bigger sharks being fed by divers.

Sharks by Florida FAQ – frequently asked Questions

Manatees of Florida Facts

Manatees are Florida’s biggest marine mammals and possess some remarkable features. Here are the most important manatee facts:

The Name „Manatee“

The name “manatee” denotes a particular kind of “Sirenia”, commonly known as Sea Cows. More precisely, when speaking about manatees, we mean the Caribbean Manatee, a subspecies that lives in the Southern USA, the Caribbean and as far south as Brazil and Venezuela.

The name stems from the pre-Columbian Taino word “maniti”, meaning “breast”. This name choice can be explained by the milk glands manatees have near their armpits.

Size and Weight

Grown manatees can reach 8.2–13 ft in size. Their weight normally ranges around 440–992 lbs. However, there have been reports of manatees that weighed up to 1323 lbs.

Lifespan

Manatees living in the wild have no natural predators. Thus, the animals can live up to 60 years. In captivity, their lifespan is even longer. A good example is Snooty, a 69 year old male manatee that lived at Parker Manatee Aquarium.

Food

Manatees are strict herbivores that feed on seaweed, grasses and leaves. In the past, they were suspected to eat fish, but this turned out to be false. In order to feed their enormous appetite, manatees have to consume 4–10 % of their bodyweight in food every day.

Fun Fact: “Did you know that manatees spend up to 50 % of their days sleeping? The animals have to come to the surface to breathe every 20 minutes. However, they are able to do so without waking up.”

Behavior

Manatees usually lead a solitary life and only sporadically gather in groups – for example, at the warm springs in Florida’s interior. An exception is the mating season when multiple males are competing for one female. Manatees communicate with their peers via squeaking and whistling sounds. The animals have an excellent sense of hearing.

Manatee Babies

After a gestation period of 12 to 14 months, manatee cows mostly give birth to one calf that they feed up to 2 years. Twins also occur, but they are rare. Manatee babies can weigh up to 66 lbs and measure 3.3 ft in length. They are able to swim right after birth, but are often carried on their mother’s back.

Manatees of Florida – the best Time to watch them

Even though you can always see manatees in Florida, the best time to go manatee watching are the winter months from December to March. Then, many manatees from northern parts of the US come to Florida for the warm water. They do not only swim along the coast, but also make their way upstream to warm springs. In summer, the animals are only rarely found in fresh water. An exception is the Wakulla River.

Tip: “The best time for manatee watching are the early morning hours when the animals are particularly active.”

Manatees of Florida – the Habitat

In addition to manatees in zoos and aquariums, there are about 6.000 animals living in the wild in Florida. Their habitat includes the whole state. However, in the following places chances of seeing manatees are especially high:

Manatees in Miami

If you want to see manatees in Miami, you have come to the right place. Nowhere else in the state are there more spots for manatee watching. The following places are particularly worthwhile:

• Black Point Park & Marina: This marina features a protected area for manatees where many sick and injured animals are brought for medical care.
• Manatee Lagoon: In addition to an observation platform, you will find an interesting exhibition about manatees. Chances of seeing manatees are especially good when temperatures are cool and the sky is slightly overcast.
• Manatee Observation and Education Center: Here, you can watch manatees from an observation tower. Alternatively, you can book a kayak tour on the Indian River Lagoon.
• Crystal River, especially King’s Bay: This place is perfect if you want to swim with manatees.
• Three Sisters Springs: There are often groups of up to 100 manatees that gather at these warm springs.

Manatees in the Everglades

The “River of Grass” offers ample opportunities to watch wild animals – among them the iconic sea cows. Especially in the winter months, manatees in the Everglades are a common sight. You have the choice: Do you want to watch the animals on an airboat tour or on a hiking trip?

Guests in Everglades City should try their luck at the canals near the Gulf. A well-kept secret among manatee fans is the Port of the Islands Resort. The port of Flamingo is another perfect spot to see manatees in the water.

Manatees in Ft Myers

There is no better place to see manatees in Ft Myers than the Lee County Manatee Park. There, the animals frolic in the warm waters of a power plant. Multiple observation platforms, picnic tables and canoe rentals are available at the Manatee Park Fort Myers.

If you want to see manatees in Fort Myers Beach, you should head for the secluded Lovers Key State Park. There, you can rent a kayak and observe the animals on the water.

Manatees in Naples

Like in other cities on the Gulf of Mexico, you might see manatees in the canals of Naples if you are lucky. The animals come here mostly in the summer and autumn months.

However, if you want to increase your chances of spotting manatees in Naples, you should book a tour with Manatee Sightseeing Eco-Tourism Adventure. This company knows the perfect spot for manatee watching, and will even give you your money back if you do not see any manatees on the tour.

Manatees in Tampa

If you want to see manatees in Tampa, you should take a trip to the Apollo Beach Power Plant. Granted, a power plant might be the last spot where you would expect manatees; however, the animals love swimming in the warm water and can be seen from the Manatee Observation Tower.

And you do not have to drive far: Even when taking a stroll on the Tampa Riverwalk, you should keep your eyes open. It is not rare for manatees to stick their snouts out of the water of the Hillsborough River.

Do you want to combine manatee watching with a boat trip in the Tampa Bay? Then, Anna Maria Island is the perfect place for you. This barrier island is one of the state’s best spots to observe the animals. It is no coincidence that the area where Anna Maria is located is called Manatee County.

Speaking of which: Visitors in the town of Bradenton can see manatees in the Parker Manatee Rehabilitation Habitat. Here, the sea cows live in 60.000 gallons of fresh water. The Habitat focuses on treating and studying the animals. In addition, guests can watch manatees above water and through glass walls.

Manatees in Weeki Wachee Springs State Park

This nature reserve with the difficult name is a hotspot for kayaking. The crystal-clear water makes it easy to see manatees in Weeki Wachi. Especially in winter, the animals seek refuge around the park’s warm springs, so that is where you should steer your boat.

Manatees in Wakulla Springs

In general, fresh water springs are a favorite winter refuge for manatees. In addition, this State Park has a remarkable characteristic: Manatees in Wakulla Springs stay for the whole year. What is more, females use this place to give birth to their young.

Manatees im Blue Springs State Park

Blue Springs State Park is a popular recreational area north of Orlando. Big groups of manatees are a common sight in the shallow, crystal-clear waters of these springs. The winter months in particular are a perfect time to see manatees in Blue Springs State Park. Oftentimes, injured manatees are brought here for rehabilitation. From the wooden boardwalk, you will enjoy amazing views, and if you are lucky, you might see females with their calves.

Manatees in Homosassa Springs

At the moment, Ellie Schiller Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park houses two manatees that live there permanently. The park also serves as a rehabilitation center for injured animals that are released back into the wild after treatment. In winter, you can observe even more manatees in Homosassa Springs.

Manatees in the Florida Keys

Thanks to their warm, tropical waters, the Florida Keys are an ideal place for manatees – at the beach as well as in marinas. In winter, you can even see them in the canals of Key West. Generally, the best thing is to go where water temperatures are the highest. Manatees in the Florida Keys prefer these spots. For example, you could try your luck in the following places:

• Key Largo: especially Manatee Bay and the beach of the Hampton Inn
• Vaca Key, near West Sister Rock
• Little Palm Island, especially the East Docks
• Marco Island, e.g. South Marco Beach
• Hurricane Hole on Stock Island.

Manatees in Florida Zoos and Aquariums

Of course, you cannot only observe the marine mammals in the wild. If you want to have a hundred percent chance of seeing manatees, you should visit Florida’s zoos and aquariums. Places that feature manatees are:

• ZooTampa at Lowry Park
• Miami Seaquarium
• SeaWorld, Orlando
• Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens
• Epcot, Walt Disney World
• Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium, Sarasota

Dolphin Facts

There is a lot to learn about the playful mammals. Here are the most important dolphin facts in a nutshell:

Classification and Species

Dolphins are marine mammals that spend their entire lives in the water. They are part of the family of toothed whales. Unlike baleen whales, they have teeth, which can be clearly seen in pictures of dolphins. Among the 40 dolphin species, common and bottlenose dolphins are the most widely known. You might not guess it from their stocky built, but pilot whales are also part of this family.

Did you know? “Despite their name, killer whales are also dolphins – just like the bottlenose dolphins that sometimes fall victim to these predators.”

Weight and Size

Most bottlenose dolphins reach a weight of 330–660 lbs. However, there have been reports of dolphins that weighed up to 1430 lbs.

The animals usually measure 6.5–13 ft. in length. Despite their huge size, dolphins can jump up to 20 ft. high.

Habitat

Dolphins can be found in different habitats all over the world – from arctic waters in the Atlantic to the tropical coasts of the Pacific. In addition to sea dolphins, there are also freshwater dolphins: for example, the Indian Ganges river dolphin and the very rare “Boto” that lives in the Amazon River.

The most common dolphin species in Florida are bottlenose dolphins. They populate all oceans and have even starred in films and series like “Flipper” and “Dolphin Tale”.

Food and Behavior

Dolphins have an enormous appetite: A grownup specimen can eat up to 20 lbs of muscles and fish a day. The animals are not picky, and their food includes squid, seals and even other smaller dolphins.

Dolphins are known for their social behavior. They mostly live in schools that can include up to 1.000 individuals. For underwater navigation, dolphins use echolocation and sound

More Dolphin Facts:

• Dolphins are highly social animals that care for each other when they are injured or sick.
• While dolphins can see and hear very well, they have no sense of smell.
• Each dolphin of a pod produces a unique whistling sound that serves as a personal signature.
• The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) lets people adopt dolphins. With these monthly contributions, the conservationists fund programs that help ensure the well-being of the species.

Lifespan

Even though the animals have been studied extensively, there is no specific information about the lifespan of dolphins. On average, bottlenose dolphins are estimated to reach 25 years. In captivity, however, the animals can get more than twice as old.

Mating and Dolphin Babies

For dolphins, mating season is all year round. After birth, dolphin babies are usually 25–41 inches long and weigh 33–66 lbs. Females mostly give birth to single babies that they feed for about one year. Three years can pass before the young become independent from their mothers.

Dolphins in Florida’s Zoos and Aquariums

Of course, you cannot only see the marine animals in the wild. If you are looking for a hundred percent chance of spotting dolphins, you should visit the following zoos and aquariums in Florida:

• SeaWorld (Orlando): At Dolphin Cove, the largest dolphin pool in the world, you can observe the animals above and below water.
• Clearwater Marine Aquarium (Clearwater): This aquarium is home to the stars of the movie “Dolphin Tale”.
• Gulf World Marine Park (Panama City Beach): This marine park is a top choice for dolphin shows in the north of Florida.

Alligator Facts

You want to increase your knowledge about Florida’s iconic reptiles before visiting the zoo or going on an air boat trip? Then, you should check out these alligator facts:

Alligator Species

In total, the Alligatoridae family is comprised of eight species that split into alligators and caimans. Florida is home to the American alligator. In addition, there are Chinese alligators that are much smaller than their brethren in the New World. All six known caiman species live in South and Latin America.

Alligator Size and Weight

On average, American alligators reach a size of 10 ft and a weight of 500 lbs. However, the biggest individual ever caught weighed a whopping 992 lbs and measured 16 ft in length.

Alligator Habitat

Alligators predominantly live in fresh water habitats such as rivers, lakes and swamps. However, due to the population growth in Florida, alligators are sometimes found on golf courses and in swimming pools. Alligators in the sewer, however, are an urban myth. Down there, the conditions would be too dark and cold for these animals.

Alligator Food and Behavior

Being true omnivores, alligators devour almost everything unlucky enough to get trapped in their jaws: Their food includes fish and small mammals, but also tortoises and birds. On land, the reptiles might seem slow; in the water, however, they can reach top speeds of 20 mph. At the same time, they hardly make a sound and can detect even the slightest vibrations in the water.

Most of the time, alligators show a solitary behavior. However, smaller alligators sometimes band together to hunt. The animals also share sunny places that they use to regulate their body temperature.

Babies and young Alligators

Despite their fierce and menacing appearance, female alligators are actually caring mothers. They lay up to 70 eggs on riverbanks where they protect their nest from predators. Alligator babies measure around 8 inches. For the first few weeks after birth, the young are under the protection of Mama Alligator. Alligator mating season in Florida runs from April to June.

Did you know: “The temperature determines whether an alligator becomes a boy or a girl. If temperatures in the nest exceed 31 degrees Celsius, a male alligator will hatch; otherwise, it will be a female.”

Alligator Watching in Florida – the best Places

Fans of the primeval reptiles will love the Sunshine State. There is hardly a better place in the USA to go alligator watching than Florida.

Alligators in Zoos and Aquariums

If you want to see many alligators in one spot and learn more about these animals, you should visit the following places. There, you can observe Florida’s alligators in zoos and aquariums:

Gatorland

This theme park near Orlando has been in operation since 1950. The slogan “Gator Capital of the World” is appropriate: 2.000 alligators and crocodiles live here – among them two rare albino alligators. At the Baby Gator Marsh area you can see cute hatchlings. And Gatorland is not just home to American species. Nile crocodiles and Caribbean specimen live here as well. You are not happy just watching the animals from the ground? Then take the zip line for a high-speed ride over the crocodile enclosure.

GatorWorld Parks

GatorWorld Parks near Orlando is another prime spot for alligator fans. Here, you can drive your car past artificial lakes with more than 400 animals. A real celebrity is “Big Al”, a 13 feet giant that you can even take a selfie with. In addition, you can also hold a less-threatening baby gator. Their older brethren are kept in a special enclosure, where visitors feed them pieces of meat.

St. Augustine Alligator Farm Zoological Park

The St. Augustine Alligator Farm Zoological Park has dedicated a whole section to the primeval reptiles: “Land of Crocodiles”. Here, you cannot only see rare albino crocodiles. Their smaller Chinese cousins live here, too – just like Nile crocodiles and thin-snouted gharials. In addition, the area houses the taxidermied remains of Gomek, a 16 feet behemoth. Behind glass walls, you can watch Maximo, a saltwater crocodile measuring 13 feet. Thrill-seekers should try the obstacle course “Crocodile Crossing” above the crocodile enclosure – while wearing a safety harness, of course.

Alligator Attraction

At the Alligator Attraction in Madeira Beach, visitors get close to wild animals. Here, children can feed alligators with rods, hold the reptiles and even kiss a baby gator. Luckily, the young one has its snout taped shut, so it cannot kiss back.

Smugglers Cove Adventure Golf

Another popular destination for families is Smugglers Cove Adventure Golf in Fort Myers Beach – perfect if you cannot choose between minigolf and alligators. Located at the centre of the course is a lake with 20–30 adolescent animals. Here, you can feed the alligators with bamboo poles after completing the golf course.

Everglades Alligator Farm

Hunting wild alligators is illegal in Florida. Therefore, around 45.000 alligators are bred in captivity for their leather and meat. 2.000 of them live on the Everglades Alligator Farm in Homestead. Here, you can watch the hungry reptiles getting fed, and also witness an ancient sport: Alligator Wrestling. During the show, trainers perform daredevil stunts like sticking their head in the animal’s mouth. In the end, however, it is the alligator that gets eaten. Fried Gator Bites with hot sauce are a popular dish in the Southern Cuisine.

Other places where you can see alligators

More places with alligators include:

• Florida Aquarium (Tampa)
• ZooTampa at Lowry Park (Tampa)
• Everglades Holiday Park (Fort Lauderdale)
• Naples Zoo (Naples)
• Conservancy of Southwest Florida (Naples)
• Shell Factory and Nature Park (Fort Myers)
• ZooMiami (Miami)
• Gator Beach (Pensacola)
• Panama City Beach Zoo (Panama City Beach)

Alligators in the Wild

If you want to see Florida´s alligators in the wild, you should try your luck at the following places:

Everglades National Park

Florida’s River of Grass is by far the best place to see alligators in the wild. It is also the only place where the reptiles share their habitat with crocodiles. There are many possibilities to explore the National Park:

While hiking on the Tamiami Trail in Shark Valley, or the short, beginner-friendly Anhinga-Trail, you are almost guaranteed to spot alligators sunbathing in the water. Alternatively, watch the reptiles on the trails starting at the National Park entrance in Homestead. Of course, you can also launch your kayak at the Nine Mile Pond and observe alligators in the brackish water. Legend has it that a 15 feet monster called “Croczilla” still lives there. Gators are a main attraction on the popular airboat tours. Here, you can even have your photo taken with a (harmless) baby alligator.

Oasis Visitor Center im Big Cypress Preserve

Around 1.500 alligators live in this reserve north of Everglades National Park. Some of them can already be spotted from the parking lot. If you want to see more, take the 5 minute loop trail beginning at the Oasis Visitor Center. Here, you can comfortably watch the reptiles from wooden boardwalks. If you are lucky, you might even catch them hunting. Alternatively, drive your car through the preserve, or go alligator watching on a kayak ride.

Myakka River State Park

This gator refuge is located in Sarasota County. Particularly large groups can be seen around the “Deep Hole” pond that you reach on a 4 mile loop trail. Only 30 visitors are allowed in the State Park every day, so you should get there early. It also pays to visit on a day with no wind, as the alligators like to hide when it is breezy.

Wakulla Springs State Park

This park south of Tallahassee is not just popular with swimmers who want to cool off in its springs. On an airboat tour you can watch alligators sunbathing. The most remarkable specimen, however, is kept at the Wakulla Springs Lodge: “Old Joe”, a 10 feet long alligator that was killed in 1966.

Hillsborough River State Park

Visitors to the Tampa Bay area can see alligators at this nature reserve – no matter if they want to go hiking, cycling or kayaking. The gators are often spotted tanning on driftwood or relaxing on the shore.

Other places

You can also see Alligators in the following places:

• Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary near Naples
• Sawgrass Lake Park in St. Petersburg
• Merritt Island State Wildlife Refuge near Kennedy Space Center
• Ocala National Forest north of Orlando
• Everglades & Francis S. Taylor Wildlife Preserve west of Fort Lauderdale
• J. N. “Ding” Darling National Wildlife Refuge on Sanibel Island

Alligators and Crocodiles – the Differences

Alligators and Crocodiles share some similarities. However, you can tell them apart if you look at the following differences:

• Compared to alligators, crocodiles have a longer, thinner snout – as can be clearly seen in crocodile pictures. Their mouths are shaped like a “V”, whereas alligators have a “U” shaped snout.
• If you can see the animal’s upper and lower teeth, you are looking at a crocodile. In contrast, alligators have dominant upper jaws that cover their lower jaws.
• While both reptiles have green skin, crocodiles sport a fairer skin tone than alligators.
• If you encounter a large reptile in the ocean, it is most likely a crocodile. Alligators, on the other hand, are not well adapted to saltwater.

In the wild, you hardly ever have to ask the question: crocodile or alligator? While the Sunshine State is populated by a whopping 1.3 million alligators, only 2.000 crocodiles are estimated to remain in the wild.